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07.02.2020

Part IV: The Meanings of the Runes

This section provides the sign, name, phoneme (sound), and short description of the meaning of each of the twenty-four runes that comprise the Elder Futhark. The given meanings are based on the medieval Rune Poems (which are conveniently available online here) exclusively. Where our present knowledge isn’t extensive enough to give an explanation of which one can be reasonably certain, this is noted and the meaning is left unexplained or only partially explained.

Part IV: The Meanings of the Runes Name: Fehu, “cattle.” Phoneme: F. Meaning: wealth.

Part IV: The Meanings of the Runes Name: Uruz, “aurochs.” Phoneme: U (long and/or short). Meaning: strength of will.

Part IV: The Meanings of the Runes Name: Thurisaz, “Giant.” Phoneme: Th (both soft and hard). Meaning: danger, suffering.

Part IV: The Meanings of the Runes Name: Ansuz, “an Aesir god.” Phoneme: A (long and/or short). Meaning: prosperity, vitality.

Part IV: The Meanings of the Runes Name: Raidho, “journey on horseback.” Phoneme: R. Meaning: movement, work, growth.

Part IV: The Meanings of the Runes Name: Kaunan, “ulcer.” Phoneme: K. Meaning: mortality, pain.

Part IV: The Meanings of the Runes Name: Gebo, “gift.” Phoneme: G. Meaning: generosity.

Part IV: The Meanings of the Runes

Part IV: The Meanings of the Runes Name: Wunjo, “joy.” Phoneme: W. Meaning: joy, ecstasy.

Part IV: The Meanings of the Runes Name:Hagalaz, “hail.” Phoneme: H. Meaning: destruction, chaos.

Part IV: The Meanings of the Runes Name: Naudhiz, “need.” Phoneme: N. Meaning: need, unfulfilled desire.

Part IV: The Meanings of the Runes Name: Isaz, “ice.” Phoneme: I (long and/or short). Meaning: unknown (the rune poems are ambiguous and contradictory).

Part IV: The Meanings of the Runes Name: Jera, “year.” Phoneme: Germanic J, modern English Y. Meaning: harvest, reward.

Part IV: The Meanings of the Runes Name: Eihwaz, “yew.” Phoneme: I pronounced like “Eye.” Meaning: strength, stability.

Part IV: The Meanings of the Runes Name: Pertho. Phoneme: P. Meaning: unknown. (Note: the theory that this rune’s name was “Pertho” is just speculation. No one really knows, because the Viking Age and medieval sources are too vague.)

Part IV: The Meanings of the Runes Name: Elhaz (the rune poems are contradictory). Phoneme: Z. Meaning: protection from enemies, defense of that which one loves.

Part IV: The Meanings of the Runes Name: Sowilo, “sun.” Phoneme: S. Meaning: success, solace.

Part IV: The Meanings of the Runes Name: Tiwaz, “the god Tiwaz.” Phoneme: T. Meaning: victory, honor.

Part IV: The Meanings of the Runes Name: Berkanan, “birch.” Phoneme: B. Meaning: fertility, growth, sustenance.

Part IV: The Meanings of the Runes Name: Ehwaz, “horse.” Phoneme: E (long and/or short). Meaning: trust, faith, companionship.

Part IV: The Meanings of the Runes Name: Mannaz, “man.” Phoneme: M. Meaning: augmentation, support.

Part IV: The Meanings of the Runes Name: Laguz. Phoneme: L. Meaning: formlessness, chaos, potentiality, the unknown.

Part IV: The Meanings of the Runes Name: Ingwaz, “the god Ingwaz.” Phoneme: Ng. Meaning: fertilization, the beginning of something, the actualization of potential.

Part IV: The Meanings of the Runes Name: Othalan, “inheritance.” Phoneme: O (long and/or short). Meaning: inheritance, heritage, tradition, nobility.

Part IV: The Meanings of the Runes Name: Dagaz, “day.” Phoneme: D. Meaning: hope, happiness.

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